Calculations for Exam I, Chapters 1-3, Business Finance

 

Practice these calculations, from which we will draw a number of calculations comprising about 85% of the points (don’t forget your Scripture memory and what principle it supports, as well as the three ethics boxes) on Exam I.  Note: this document deals with just the calculations portion of Exam 1.  There will also be concept questions from Chapters 1 (primary goal of firm, agency problem, how agency problem is overcome, definition of ethics, etc.) and 2 (interpretation of ratios, primarily, with several questions possible on balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows) especially; there will likely be just a couple of concept questions from Chapter 3.

 

Chapter 1:

Corporate tax calculation using Table 1.3, which will be provided on your cover sheet.

 

Chapter 2:

No formula is provided for net working capital (NWC = CA - CL).  The fundamental accounting equation (or accounting identity) also must be memorized and used:  TA = TL + OE.  All other calculations will be based on pages 52-70, the formulas for which will be provided.  Make sure you can interpret and make recommendations based on the numbers you calculate for each of these.  Generally, higher values are better, but not for the debt ratio or days held of inventory or collection or payment periods.  Also, see your handout on the Kohl's DuPont example to see the table format (near bottom of that handout) that must be used regardless of whether you are doing a time-series comparison or a cross-sectional comparison of ROE = NPM x TAT x FLM.

 

Chapter 3:

  1. MACRS depreciation amounts using Table 3.2, which will be provided on your cover sheet.
  2. Cash provided by operating activities, as part of constructing the first portion of a Statement of Cash Flows.  You do not need to be able to construct the investing or financing parts of the Statement of Cash Flows.  If I ask this, I would give you an income statement and the current portion of a balance sheet, with the latter including amounts for accounts receivable, inventory, and accounts payable.  Remember this formula to help you, which is different from any formula found in Chapter 3:  See the Unit I section of our website for a handout on calculating OCF.
    OCF = NI + Depreciation Expense. +/- Current Account Changes
    where you add decreases in Current Assets and subtract increases in Current Assets (other than Marketable Securities or Cash) and you add increases in Current Liabilities (other than Notes Payable, which you don’t add or subtract since it belongs in financing cash flows) and subtract decreases in Current Liabilities  Another formula is provided in the handout on calculating OCF.
  3. Cash Budget
  4. Pro Forma Balance Sheet

 

Items you may wish to memorize that are not on the cover sheet, and are helpful for doing a Pro Forma Balance Sheet:

 

1.       External Financing Required = EFR = TA – (Total Liabs. + Total Equity)

 

2.       A/R = (Average Collection Period / 365 )   x    Sales

 

3.       A/P =  (Average Payment Period / 365)   x   Purchases

 

4.       When using the percent of sales method for a given item, you can quickly get the new value by:

 

New Value = Old Value x (1 + g) 

   Where  g is the growth  rate of sales

 

Example:  COGS is some percentage of sales.  Sales will grow by 10%.  This past year’s income statement had a value of $350,000 for COGS.  What is the COGS for the projected income statement for next year?

 

New COGS = Old COGS x (1 + 0.10)

New COGS = $350,000 x (1.10)

New COGS = $385,000